温州进步家教:中考考点:被动语态
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中考考点九:被动语态
一.被动语态的时态: 1.一般现在时的被动语态: am /is/ are +动词的过去分词 2.一般过去时的被动语态: was /were +动词的过去分词 3.一般将来时的被动语态: will be +动词的过去分词 4.现在进行时的被动语态: am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词 5.现在完成时的被动语态: have /has +been +动词的过去分词 6.情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词 + be +动词的过去分词 二.主动语态变被动语态的变法: 口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓变be done ,时不变,数格必须随被变。 注:1.主动、被动的时态要一致。 2.主动、被动的句式要一致。 3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。 三.特殊情况的被动语态: 1.带双宾语的被动语态: 动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾) 口诀:如遇双宾语,一般变间宾,若把直宾变,to /for 间宾连。 1).give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。 give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb . 2).buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。 buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb He gave me a book I ______ ______ a book by him. A book ____ ____ _____ me by him . My mother made me a cake . I ____ _____ a cake by my mother A cake ____ ____ ____ me by my mother . 2.带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态:动词+ sb + do sth . 口诀:感使动词真叫怪,to来to去记心怀,主动语态to离去,被动语态to回来。 动词:make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch make sb do sth ----sb + be +made +to do sth The boss made the workers work all day The workers ____ ____ ____ work all day by the boss. 3.在see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时,doing 不变。 I heard Tom singing just now Tom _____ _____ _____ by me just now . 4.以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时,不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。 We should take care of the old . The old should ______ _____ _____ _____ . 四.注意事项: 1.有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态: last ,have ,own …..belong to ,suit…fine , 2.不及物动词是没有被动语态: happen ,take place ,appear , hold (容纳) 3.系动词是没有被动语态: Look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste …. The dish tastes good . 4.有些词组没有被动语态: sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive well This kind of skirt sells well. 5.need表示需要时,后面常接doing 形式表示被动意义,相当于to be done . All the computers need repairing .= All the computers need _____ _____ _____ . 6.在too…to…及enough to …结构中有时表示被动意义。 The problem is too difficult to solve.
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