初中英语第九册第四单元重要知识点总结
来源:温州家教网 2012/3/25 23:57:36
初中英语第九册第四单元重要知识点总结
1.What would you do if you had a million dollars? (P26)假如你有了一百万美元,你将用它做什么?
【讲解】if引导的虚拟条件状语从句,从句为非真实条件句。非真实条件句是指假设的条件与事实相反或不可能实现。当虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时,从句用一般过去时,主句用should/would/could/might+动词原形。因此本句中would do和 had均为虚拟语气。
If I had time,I would go for a walk.假如我有时间,我就去散步。(事实上,我现在没有时间,所以不能去散步)。
If I were invited,I would go to the dinner party 假如邀请我,我会去赴宴。(事实上,没有邀请我,所以我也不能去。)
If I were you , I would go at once. (如果我是你的话, 我立刻就走。) 这句话是条件句 “如果我是你”, 但事实上, 我不可能成为你, 这只是假设的情况, 没有实现的可能。
2.If I were you, I’d wear a shirt and tie. (P27) 如果我是你,我就穿衬衫戴领带。
1) if引导的条件状语从句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气时,be动词只能用were,而不能用was。
If he were here,he would not agree with you。
2)tie在这里是名词,意为“领带,带子”等。He wore a blue tie.他打着蓝色的领带。
【知识拓展】tie也可用作动词,表示“系”,“捆绑”,常与介词to连用,表示“把……系在……上”。特别注意tie的现在分词为tying。 He tied his dog to the fence. 他把狗拴在了栅栏上。
3.What if everyone else brings a present? (P27)要是其他人都带了礼物该怎么办呢?
(1)everyone else中的else用来修饰everyone,表示“其他的,别的”,它常放在疑问词或不定代词的后面。Is there anything else? 有别的东西吗?
What else can you see? 你能看见别的什么东西吗?
【知识拓展【else还常与or连用,意思是“否则,要不然”。
You must pay $100 or else go to prison. 你必须付一百美元,否则就得去坐牢。
(2)what if 表示“要是……又怎么样?”的意思,其结构相当于what would happen if...。
What if it rains when we can’t get under shelter?假若下起雨来,我们又没处避雨可怎么办?
4.Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble. (P28)噢,狗可能带来许多麻烦。
1)名词trouble在这里意为“麻烦,烦恼,困难”。
I have some trouble in reading his handwriting. 我认他的笔迹有点难。
I am sorry to put you to so much trouble. 很抱歉这样麻烦你。
【短语链语】
be in trouble “处于困境中”。He is in trouble. Let’s help him. 他现在处于困境中,我们帮帮他吧。
get into trouble 陷入困难,遇到麻烦 get out of trouble 摆脱困难
5.What would you do if your brother borrowed your clothes without permission?如果你的弟弟未经允许就借走了你的衣服,你会怎么办?
【用法】1)without permission 介词短语,意思是“未经允许的”
Without的介词短语可以用来表示条件,意思相当于“假如没有……”“若无……”常与含虚拟语气的句子连用。Without还可以表示“无,没有”与动名词连用时可表示“不做,无……”
Without water people could not live Without your help he couldn’t do it.
She went out without his umbrella
2) permission名词,许可,准许的意思,ask for permission请求许可。
permit动词:许可,允许 permit的过去式为permitted,现在分词为permitting。
permit sth/doing sth 允许做某事,permit sb to do sth 准许某人做某事
The policeman permitted him to park there
3) borrow sth from sb 指某人向别人借某物。
4) lend sth to sb=lend sb sth 指某人把东西借给别人。
6. If you answered c for most questions, then you are probably pretty confident. (P30)如果你大部分问题的答案都是c, 那么你可能相当自信。
(1)answer ...for questions意为“把问题回答成……”。
(2)confident是形容词,其名词为confidence,
常用句型:have confidence in sb表示“信任/信赖某人”。
I have complete confidence in him. 我完全信任他。
be confident of sth / doing sth = be confident that + 从句: 确信……; 对…… 有信心
She is confident of winning the race.= She is confident that she will win the race.
(4)pretty在这里作副词用,相当于very,可用来修饰形容词或副词,意为“相当地”,表示程度。
如:pretty beautiful很美;pretty well相当好。
语气由轻到重的顺序大致是:fairly—quite—rather / pretty—very(相当地)
I’m pretty sure he will come on time. 我很确信他会准时来。
The homework you did yesterday is pretty poor, you’d better do it once more.你昨天的作业做得相当糟,你最好重做。
7. Social situations don’t bother you in the slightest. (P30)社会环境一点儿也不会影响你。
1)本句中的bother是“打扰,扰乱”的意思,相当于disturb。
He’s busy. Don’t bother him. 他很忙,别打扰他。
I’m sorry to bother you, but can you tell me the time? 很抱歉打扰了,你能告诉我几点了吗?
2)not in the slightest“毫不,一点也不”相当于not at all 用于加强语气。slight形容词,表示“不严重的,不重要的,微小的,轻微的。”
You didn’t embarrass me in the slightest 你一点也没有让我为难。
8.You have plenty of friends and you enjoy the company of other people. (P30)你有很多朋友,而且还喜欢同他人在一起。
◎plenty与of构成固定词组,意为“很多的”,“大量的”,既可以修饰可数名词的复数形式,也可以修饰不可数名词。“plenty of+名词”在句中作主语时,谓语动词的数由plenty of后面的名词的数决定。There are plenty of books on the desk.桌上有许多书。
Don’t worry. There is plenty of time.别着急,时间很充裕。
9.Your friends would probably say that you are easy to get along with.(P30)你的朋友或许说你很容易相处。
get on/along with sb都可表示“与某人相处”,在with前可以加副词,表示“相处得如何”。如:当表示“和某人相处融洽”时可用get on/along well with sb。
【特别提示】
get on/along with sth后面接事或物时,表示“(某事)进展,进行”之意。
—How are you getting on with your studies? 你的功课学得怎样?
—I’m getting along very well with my studies. 我功课学得很好。
10. You like talking to one or two people rather than to a group. (P30)你喜欢跟一两个人说话,而不喜欢跟一群人说话。
本句中的rather than相当于instead of,表示“不愿,不要,不是”之意,常用来连接两个并列的句子成分,前后要对称。
I think I’ll have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我想要一杯冷饮料而不是咖啡。
He ran rather than walked to school. 他跑步去上学而不是步行。
She enjoys listening rather than speaking.她喜欢听而不是说。
I like going out with you rather than with him.我喜欢和你而不是和他一起外出。
【特别提示】rather than还可以用在“prefer+动词不定式”的后面,后接另一动词不定式(to要省略)。I prefer to read rather than do nothing. 我宁愿看书也不愿无所事事。
11You would also rather stay at home and read good book than go to a party.(P30)你也会宁愿待在家里读书而不愿去参加聚会。
would rather … than … (= would … rather than)宁愿,而不愿。
前后连接两个动词原形,否定形式为:would rather not do sth
①would rather … than … = prefer … to …
但prefer … to … 若连接两个动词,动词应为v-ing 形式。
Eg. He would rather jog than play football.=He prefers jogging to playing football.
②would rather 常单独使用,表示“宁愿做…”
eg He would rather watch TV at home.
本单元出现的一些词组:
sectionA
1. give the money to charity 将钱捐献给慈善机构 2. put the money in the bank 存钱
3. medical research 医学研究 4.wear a shirt and tie 穿西装打领带
5.What if …… 如果…怎么样? 6.get nervous 紧张
7.get pimples 长痘痘 8.take a walk 散步
9.take a big exam 参加大考 10.too…to… 太。。。。。。而不能
11. be a lot of trouble 很麻烦
12、①give sb sth=give sth to sb类似的词还有:pass、lend、show、write、send等
②buy sb sth=buy sth for sb类似的词还有:make、draw、cook等
13、hundred、thousand、mi11ion与数字连用不能用复数。
hundreds of、thousands of、mi11ions of中必须用复数
Section 4B
1. in public 在公共场合 2.hardly ever 几乎不
3. give a speech 演讲 4. the whole school 全校
5. without permission 未经许可 6. ask one’s permision 请求某人的允许
7. be in a movie 演电影 8. be(make) friends with 与…交朋友
9. introduce myself 自我介绍 10. introduce…to… 把…介绍给…
11. invite…to do… 邀请…干… 12. social situations 社会环境
13. in the slightest 一点也,根本 not… in the slightest/ at all 根本不,一点也不
“Do you mind my opening the window?” “Not in the slightest . Please do it.”
14. plenty of =a lot of/lots of(常用于肯定句中)很多的,足够的
15.get along with = get on with 与 … 相处; get along with sb. very well 与某人友好相处
16. a circle of friends 朋友圈 17.say sth. bad about sb .说某人坏话
18. right away = right off =at once 立刻,马上 19. think about 考虑
20. all day 全天 21. be friendly to 对…友好
22. at lunch time 在午饭时间 23. English speech contest 英语演讲比赛
24. represent the class 代表班级 25. come top in… 在 … 中取得第一
26. let sb. down 让某人失望
27. come up with: =to think of ( a plan, answer, reply,etc.)针对问题提出,想出(解决方法)
28. the rest of the students = the other students其余的学生(the rest 其余的,可指代可数或不可数名词。The other(s) 只能指代可数名词)
4Reading
1.have a lot of experience (in) doing sth 在做某事方面有经验
2. deal with = do with 对付,处理
3.come out 出版,开花,显现
4.give advice on sth 在…方面提出意见、建议
5.a piece of advice 一则建议
6.ask for advice 征求意见
7.by accident = by chance 偶然地,无意之中
8.cover A with B 用B盖住A
9.be covered with sth 被用某物盖住
10.fall downstairs 从楼上跌下来
11.hurry to do sth 匆匆忙忙干…
12.hurry up 快点
13.hurry off to do sth 匆匆忙忙去干某事
14.injore one’s + 部位 = one’s + 部位+hurt 伤了某人某部位
15.offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 把某物提供给某人
16.offer to do sth 提供做某事
17.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
18.rufuse sb to do sth 拒绝某人做某事
19.the dangers of smoking 吸烟的危害
20.hide sth from sb 把某物藏起来不让某人知道
21.an internet friend 网友
22.in a public place 在一个公共场所
23.go alone = go by oneself 独自一人去
|